Monoclonal Antibodies & T Cell Products

David H KatzMedical
Monoclonal Antibodies & T Cell Products

Author: David H Katz

Publisher: CRC Press

ISBN: 9781000012767

Category: Medical

Page: 278

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First Published in 1982, this book offers a full, comprehensive guide into the applications of Monoclonal Antibodies. Carefully compiled and filled with a vast repertoire of notes, diagrams, and references this book serves as a useful reference for Students of Medicine, and other practitioners in their respective fields.

Monoclonal Antibodies & T Cell Products

David H KatzMedical
Monoclonal Antibodies & T Cell Products

Author: David H Katz

Publisher: CRC Press

ISBN: 9781000005943

Category: Medical

Page: 187

View: 821

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First Published in 1982, this book offers a full, comprehensive guide into the applications of Monoclonal Antibodies. Carefully compiled and filled with a vast repertoire of notes, diagrams, and references this book serves as a useful reference for Students of Medicine, and other practitioners in their respective fields.

Monoclonal Antibodies and Functional Cell Lines

Roger H. KennettMedical
Monoclonal Antibodies and Functional Cell Lines

Author: Roger H. Kennett

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

ISBN: 9781468446739

Category: Medical

Page: 426

View: 635

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This volume serves as a follow-up to our previous book, MonoclonalAntibodies Hybridomas: A New Dimension in Biological Analyses. We continue the theme of monoclonal antibodies and their applications, attempting to cover some of the areas not covered in the previous volume. We again include an appendix de scribing methods useful to those who ar-e beginning to apply these techniques in their own laboratories. This volume will be followed by another concentrating on the combination of monoclonal antibody techniques with molecular genetic techniques to study structure/function relationships at the level of both the gene and gene product. Roger H. Kennett Kathleen B. Bechtol Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Thomas J. McKearn Princeton, New Jersey IX Acknowledgments Roger Kennett acknowledges the patience and support of his wife, Carol, and his family, friends, and colleagues during the work on this volume, and again thanks, above all, the Lord, Jesus Christ. Kathleen Bechtol wishes to thank colleagues and friends for their support and understanding during the months of preparation of this volume. Tom McKearn acknowledges and thanks his wife, Pat, and his family for their support and encouragement. Xl Contents PART I INTRODUCTION 1 Introduction: Reflections on Nine Years of Monoclonal Antibodies from Hybridomas 3 ROGER H. KENNETT, KATHLEEN B. BECHTOL, AND THOMAS J. McKEARN 1. Biotechnology'S "Coming of Age". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 II. Monoclonal Antibodies-An Overview of Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 III. Commercialization of Monoclonal Antibody Technology.. . . .. ... . .... .... .. . ... . . 10 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Genome Engineering to Expand Applications of Human T-cell Immunotherapy

Alexandra E. Grier
Genome Engineering to Expand Applications of Human T-cell Immunotherapy

Author: Alexandra E. Grier

Publisher:

ISBN: OCLC:1019880028

Category:

Page: 102

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Adoptive T-cell therapy, particularly chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy, is a revolutionary and quickly-evolving means of treating cancer patients who can no longer be helped by standard therapies. In multiple clinical trials, including our own at Seattle Children’s Hospital, CD19 CAR therapy for B-cell leukemia and lymphoma has achieved a complete remission rate of >90%. Unfortunately, in its present form, CAR therapy has had limited success against solid tumors. It is also not currently an option for patients who lack sufficient numbers of their own T-cells due to their disease or prior treatments. Thus, genome engineering strategies to overcome these limitations could be of great benefit to patients. We chose a two-pronged approach to achieve this goal: knock-out of the endogenous TCR and multiplex knock-out of the T-cell inhibitory checkpoints PD-1, Tim3, Lag3, and TIGIT. Knocking out these inhibitory checkpoint proteins specifically in the CAR T-cells will maintain the synergistic effects recently seen in combination monoclonal antibody therapy without the serious, sometimes fatal, immune-mediated side effects seen with systemic antibody therapy. To this end, we first developed a linear mRNA expression vector with a long, encoded poly(A) tail to allow transient delivery of nucleases such as TALENs or CRISPR to primary human cells in a consistent, clinically applicable, and scalable fashion. We then used IVT mRNA made from this vector to deliver a TALEN pair targeting the TCR locus to CD19 CAR T-cells, and demonstrated that removal of the endogenous TCR does not hinder CAR T-cell function in vitro or in vivo in a murine xenograft tumor model. Knockout of the endogenous TCR will facilitate production of an allogeneic CAR T-cell product to be used as a bridge to HSCT in patients who cannot receive autologous CAR therapy. Removal of the endogenous TCR will also add a measure of safety when creating CAR T-cells lacking inhibitory checkpoint proteins by preventing GvHD while retaining anti-tumor effects. These technologies and methods may allow a wider variety of patients to benefit from the recent advances in CAR T-cell therapy.

Hybridomas and Cellular Immortality

Baldwin H. TomMedical
Hybridomas and Cellular Immortality

Author: Baldwin H. Tom

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

ISBN: 9781461593522

Category: Medical

Page: 306

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The ability to "immortalize" immunologically-useful cells by hybridization with a unique cancer cell has revolutionized serological studies and has revealed new potential applications in all fields of biological sciences. This volume presents the studies from a highly successful national symposium on Hybridomas and Cellular Immortality held November 1981 in Houston, Texas. The individual chapters exhibit the diversity of topics discussed during the meeting. These include emphasis on the origin of antibody diversity, Band T lymphocyte differentiation, applications of monoclonal antibodies in studies of histocompatibility, tumor, and viral antigens, plus the use of somatic cell hybridizations for studying T cell products. Three papers focus on the emerging methodologies of in vitro primary immunizations for both humoral and cell-mediated immunities, relevant for coupling with hybridoma technology. There is a useful mix of general (methods) and specific (applications) chapters. A unique aspect of the book is the presentation of both recent research findings with concise descriptions of the state of the art methodologies. It is anticipated that this work will be of interest to a wide audience of practioners in biomedical research. Hopefully, the information contained will foster new and imagi native ideas in hybridoma applications. Baldwin H. Tom, Ph.D. James P. Allison, Ph.D. vii CONTENTS PART L INTRODUCTION TO HYBRIDOMAS 1 Somatic Cell Hybrids and Hybridomas Baldwin H. Tom 3 1. Somatic Cell Hybrids 8 Hybridomas. • • • • • 2.

CAR-T Cell Therapies for Non-Hematopoietic Malignancies: Taking Off The Training Wheels

Avery Dexter Posey, Jr.
CAR-T Cell Therapies for Non-Hematopoietic Malignancies: Taking Off The Training Wheels

Author: Avery Dexter Posey, Jr.

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

ISBN: 9782889636877

Category:

Page: 164

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Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies for leukemia (e.g. tisagenlecleucel) and lymphoma (e.g. axicabtagene ciloleucel) have recently received regulatory approval in the United States. Phase I/II trials have demonstrated complete remission of refractory or relapsed tumors in 50% - 94% patients. However, the clinical successes of engineered T cells for the treatment of solid malignancies have thus far been few and far between. Furthermore, several instances of severe and lethal toxicities have arisen due to on-target, off-tumor recognition of antigen by T cell products. Recent advances in phase I trials for solid tumors, as well as in pre-clinical models, have revealed several variables that will be important to consider for the successful use of CAR-T cells in treating solid tumors. These variables include (i) regional versus systemic delivery; (ii) scFv versus ligand interactions; (iii) antigen loss versus escape; (iv) epitope spreading and (v) checkpoint expression on immune cells or tumor cells. Also, there remains outstanding mechanistic questions related to why differences exist in the persistence and tonic signaling of second-generation CD28 versus 4-1BB co-stimulated CAR-T cells. In addition, we are now learning the roles of lympho-depleting regimens (and associated toxicities) in modifying the persistence of engineered T cell therapies. A more comprehensive view of CAR-T cell strategies and important advances, both of pre-clinical and clinical evaluations, in solid tumors is necessary to drive these therapies forward.

T Cell Hybridomas

H.v. BoehmerMedical
T Cell Hybridomas

Author: H.v. Boehmer

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

ISBN: 9783642685866

Category: Medical

Page: 264

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For more than ten years cell fusion techniques have been applied in studies on various lymphocyte functions. Ig expression was first studied in hybrids obtained by fusing myeloma cells with fibroblasts (1) or lymphomas (2), both of which do not produce Ig, and with Ig producing myelomas (3) or human blood lymphocytes (4). Kohler and Milstein (5) fused a myeloma with spleen cells from immunized mice. Up to 10% of the hybrids obtained secreted antibodies specific for the immunizing antigen. This suggested that plasma cells preferenti ally fused with the myeloma cells, a finding which was of enormous practical value. It was found that both Band T lymphocytes could be fused with the T cell tumor BW5147, which is however not permissive for Ig synthesis (6). A very large number of T cell hybridomas were generated by fusing BW5147 with cell populations containing in vivo or in vitro activated cells (7). The hybrids showed no specific T cell functions and binding assays for T cell receptors were not available. In particular, no hybrids were obtained which expreS1ed specific cytolytic activity that could be tested in short-term Cr release assays (8). However, the frustrations expressed about these failures, published in January, 1978 (9), were relieved by Taniguchi and Miller's publication a few months later of T cell hybridomas producing antigen-specific suppressor factors (10). Unfortunately, their hybrids rapidly lost factor production.

Monoclonal Antibodies against Bacteria

Alberto MacarioHealth & Fitness
Monoclonal Antibodies against Bacteria

Author: Alberto Macario

Publisher: Elsevier

ISBN: 9780323154420

Category: Health & Fitness

Page: 358

View: 164

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Monoclonal Antibodies against Bacteria, Volume I explores the generation, characterization, and utilization of monoclonal antibodies against bacteria and on other monoclonal products relevant to antibacterial immune responses. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on monoclonal antibodies against bacteria, encompassing its scope, research, and directions. It shows that the coordinated use of antisera and panels of monoclonal antibodies is proving useful for classification as a diagnostic tool with prognostic implications in the case of pathogens, or as a preliminary step in taxonomy. Also, monoclonal antibodies hold great potential as instruments in working with bacteria for industrial or biotechnological purposes, including genetic engineering. This book also elucidates the use of monoclonal antibodies of predefined molecular specificity for tracing molecular ""signatures"" left by a given strain in other microorganisms, subcellular structures, and materials from ecologic niches. The possibility of antibacterial and antitoxin therapies with monoclonal antibodies is also addressed. This treatise will be a valuable reference work to anyone working with monoclonal antibodies or getting ready to prepare them against the strain(s) (or bacterial structures) of his/her interest.

Clinical Biochemistry V3

Herbert SpiegelMedical
Clinical Biochemistry V3

Author: Herbert Spiegel

Publisher: Elsevier

ISBN: 9780323157421

Category: Medical

Page: 290

View: 660

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Clinical Biochemistry: Contemporary Theories and Techniques, Volume 3 broadens the scope of clinical biochemistry, discussing relevant aspects of serology, microbiology, monoclonal antibody techniques, and instrumentation. This volume includes the biochemical monitoring of cancer, use of chemical and physiochemical approaches to detecting and identifying etiological agents in clinical specimens, and monoclonal antibodies in clinical investigations. The serologic methods in disease diagnosis, instrumentation in clinical chemistry, and hemoglobin analysis and hemoglobinopathies are also deliberated. This text likewise covers the conventional microbiological techniques, serology of streptococcal infections, and impact of microprocessors on clinical instrumentation. This book is a good reference for clinicians interested in theories and techniques related to clinical biochemistry.