Large, high-energy snow avalanches can have high destructive consequences in developed areas. Each year, avalanche catastrophes occur in many mountain regions around the globe. This causes a large number of fatalities and severe damage to buildings and infrastructure. In some mountain areas, especially in the European Alps, a high level of safety for settlement areas is attained by application of technical avalanche defense construction. Simultaneously, new risk potentials continue to emerge in mountain regions from building in endangered areas, the establishment of new roads and railway lines across the mountains and development of tourism. Consequently, the demand for technical avalanche protection is constantly increasing. During the last decades technical avalanche protection has evolved - especially in the Alpine countries Austria, Switzerland, Italy and France as well as Norway, Iceland, USA and Canada - from a specialist field to a stand-alone engineering branch. Currently avalanche defense structures and protection systems are established in practically all inhabited mountain regions worldwide. With this handbook the editors are able to provide the first comprehensive overview of the field of technical avalanche protection in the English language and establish a common "state-of-the-art". The book is based on the German edition, published in 2011, and comprises all relevant facts on fundamentals of avalanche protection technology as well as of planning, dimensioning, construction and maintenance of defense structures. The editors were able to bring together an international team of leading experts in technical avalanche protection. Authors from Austria, Switzerland, USA, Norway, Canada, Iceland, Japan, France and Italy have directly contributed to this book or supported it with essential information.
Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters, Second Edition, provides you with the latest scientific developments in sea level rise, permafrost degradation, rock/ice avalanches, glacier surges, glacial lake outburst floods, ice shelf collapses, climate change implications, causality, impacts, preparedness and mitigation. The book takes a geo-scientific approach to the topic while also covering current thinking about directly related social scientific issues that can affect ecosystems and global economies. Special emphasis is placed on the rapidly progressing effects from global warming on the cryosphere, perspectives for the future and latest scientific advances, and technological developments. Presents the latest research on causality, glacial surges, ice-shelf collapses, sea level rise, climate change implications, and more Contains numerous tables, maps, diagrams, illustrations and photographs of hazardous processes Features new insights on the implications of climate change, including increased melting, collapsing, flooding, methane emissions, and sea level rise
Life-Cycle Civil Engineering: Innovation, Theory and Practice contains the lectures and papers presented at IALCCE2020, the Seventh International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering, held in Shanghai, China, October 27-30, 2020. It consists of a book of extended abstracts and a multimedia device containing the full papers of 230 contributions, including the Fazlur R. Khan lecture, eight keynote lectures, and 221 technical papers from all over the world. All major aspects of life-cycle engineering are addressed, with special emphasis on life-cycle design, assessment, maintenance and management of structures and infrastructure systems under various deterioration mechanisms due to various environmental hazards. It is expected that the proceedings of IALCCE2020 will serve as a valuable reference to anyone interested in life-cycle of civil infrastructure systems, including students, researchers, engineers and practitioners from all areas of engineering and industry.
CLICK HERE to download the chapter on "Backcountry Forecasting & Decisions" from The Avalanche Handbook * Information on the unique characteristics of alpine snow, snow slab instability, terrain variables, skier triggering of avalanches, and the nature of avalanche motion * Chapters on the elements of backcountry avalanche forecasting and the decision-making process * This is the text used by search and rescue professionals, ski patrol groups, and outdoor education programs Technical yet accessible, The Avalanche Handbook, 3rd Edition, covers the formation, character, effects, and control of avalanches; rescue techniques; and research on understanding and surviving avalanches. Illustrated with nearly 200 updated illustrations, photos and examples, this updated edition offers exhaustive information on contributing weather and climate factors, snowpack analysis, the newest transceiver search techniques, and preventative and protective measures, including avalanche zoning and control.
Avalanches, the "snowy torrents" that haunt North America's mountains, put skiers, snowboarders and mountaineers increasingly in harm's way. The authors, leading authorities in the field, explain both the scientific reasons and social impact of avalanches in North America. In this book they answer many questions, including how to recognize avalanche terrain and how to evaluate conditions that lead to stable or unstable snow.
With more and more people heading into the winter backcountry on skis, snowshoes, and snowmobiles, avalanche safety is of paramount importance. Allen & Mike's Really Cool Avalanche Safety Book distills the sometimes overly technical information of snow science into a user-friendly format with helpful illustrations and easy-to-understand text. With years of experience as NOLS instructors to draw on, Allen O'Bannon and Mike Clelland team up to give winter recreationists the information they need to stay safe in the backcountry, including how to prepare for your trip, proper equipment and how to use it, snowpack assessment, choosing safe travel routes, decision making, and rescue scenarios. Written for both aspriring winter backcountry travelers and experts alike, this book is a must-read for anybody who loves to experience the solitude and beauty of the snowy mountains.
Deals comprehensively and practically with effects, causes and behaviour of avalanches, protection of ski areas, highways and villages, and safety and rescue.
A US Forest Service handbook covering avalanche forecasting and control measures. Physics of snow, avalanche characteristics, and snow avalanches are pictured and diagrammed. Snow stabilization and control in ski area planning is discussed. Safety. Bibliography. (CFD).
"This book represents a capitalisation of knowledge from previous EC research projects in the field of Natural hazards and, in particular, the CADZIE and SATSIE projects addressing the problem of avalanches. It is about the design of dams and other protection measures in the run-out zones of wet- and dry-snow avalanches. The book summarises recent theoretical developments and the results of field and laboratory studies, combining them with traditional design guidelines and principles to formulate design recommendations. The findings of the book are relevant to avalanche experts and authorities concerned with protection measures and risk management." -- Editor.