While verb classes are a mainstay of linguistic research, the field lacks consensus on precisely what constitutes a verb class. This book presents a novel approach to verb classes, employing a bottom-up, corpus-based methodology and combining key insights from Frame Semantics, Construction Grammar, and Valency Grammar. On this approach, verb classes are formulated at varying granularity levels to adequately capture both the shared semantic and syntactic properties unifying verbs of a class and the idiosyncratic properties unique to individual verbs. In-depth analyses based on this approach shed light on the interrelations between verbs, frame-semantics, and constructions, and on the semantic richness and network organization of grammatical constructions. This approach is extended to a comparison of Change and Theft verbs, revealing unexpected lexical and syntactic differences across semantically distinct classes. Finally, a range of contrastive (German–English) analyses demonstrate how verb classes can inform the cross-linguistic comparison of verbs and constructions.
Niniejsza pozycja to zbiór najpopularniejszych angielskich i amery-kańskich czasowników złożonych. Zawarte one zostały w dwudziestu tekstach opatrzonych zestawami praktycznych ćwiczeń do samodziel-nej pracy. Na końcu książki znajduje się klucz do ćwiczeń oraz alfabe-tyczna lista zastosowanych w tekstach czasowników złożonych.
This study continues the adaptation of the method of Case Frame analysis for the investigation of the Greek text of the New Testament. Case Frame analysis distinguishes the words of a language into two categories, predicators [words that require completion by other words for their correct grammatical use] and non-predicators [words that do not require such completion], and provides rigorous procedures for describing the syntactic, semantic, and lexical requirements that predicators impose on the words that complete their meaning. The inclusion of semantic function and feature descriptions in Case Frame analysis permits the development of a new genre of lexicon that specifies not only syntactic and lexical information (as do traditional dictionaries) but detailed semantic information. The resulting Case Frame lexicon entries are both more compact and more nuanced than traditional lexicon entries. Danove conducts an exhaustive Case Frame analysis of the ditransitive verbs of transference in the New Testament. He uses this analysis to develop a set of descriptive guidelines for interpreting and translating the various usages of ditransitive verbs of transference and applies these rules in exegetical studies of the text of the New Testament to generate a Case Frame lexicon of the verbs of transference in the New Testament. This study will distinguish the requirements of the 127 New Testament verbs of transference according to four syntactic functions, twelve semantic functions, and 22 lexical realizations. This will permit a rigorous investigation of all occurrences of verbal complements with the same syntactic, semantic, and lexical attributes. The study also will consider the influence of one semantic feature [an inherent quality of words that has implications for their lexical realization] and of the ‘intrusion' of four grammatical constructions [inherent structuring templates of grammar that govern syntactic, semantic, and lexical attributes and modify meaning] on each category of complements with the same syntactic, semantic and lexical description. This will produce a rigorous description of meaning that becomes the basis for Danove's contributions to the linguistic study of biblical Greek and to the exegesis of biblical texts.
This six-volume collection draws together the most significant contributions to morphological theory and analysis which all serious students of morphology should be aware of. By comparing the stances taken by the different schools about the important issues, the reader will be able to judge the merits of each, with the benefit of evidence rather than prejudice.
This volume highlights current theories of the lexicon from the perspective of its use in sentence understanding. It includes work from researchers in psycholinguistic studies on sentence comprehension.
This volume approaches the interaction of evidentiality with some other related categories, such as modality and mirativity, from an innovative angle: its connection to informational configuration. The aim of this book is to analyze the impact of shared knowledge on TAME categories as well as to explore its reflection on different verb choices. It provides an innovative theoretical view as well as a robust typological, crosslinguistic perspective.
200 MOST COMMON TURKISH VERBS IN CONTEXT provides the most common Turkish verbs in context with conjugation tables and practice exercises. The 200 verbs were compiled by consulting Turkish frequency dictionaries and books for learners of Turkish. The case suffixes required by these verbs are also provided. Each verb in the list is illustrated in 4 or 5 sentences. The example sentences are largely made up of the verbs introduced previously. The structured presentation enables you to recycle the verbs you have already studied. If you want to study a specific verb, you can easily find it from the index. In addition, almost every verb in the list contains further meaning relationships. For example, for the verb konuşmak (to speak), these words from the same root are listed: konuşma (speech), konuşmacı (speaker), konuşkan (talkative). And the following expressions: konuşma yapmak (to make a speech), havadan sudan konuşmak (to talk about this and that) and saçma sapan konuşmak (to talk nonsense). This means that you will learn many more words and expressions besides the 200 verbs. You will also find lots of useful tips on spelling, pronunciation and grammar What is new in the 2nd edition? Firstly, the second edition has a larger paper size, more pages and a new cover. Secondly, from the second page onwards, you will find an empty conjugation table on each page, which you can use to practise the conjugation of the verb on the previous page. You will also find a two-page exercise after each set of 10 verbs. The exercises on the first page test the verbs and their required case suffixes in the sentence. Those on the second page tests the nouns, adjectives and adverbs derived from these verbs. We have also added some new grammar tips. You can use 200 MOST COMMON TURKISH VERBS IN CONTEXT with the books or with the apps Duolingo, Mondly, Busuu and others that you are currently using to learn Turkish. P.S. If you have purchased the 1st edition. You can contact the author via his website for the exercise pages.